Tűzkereszt means “Fire Cross”, a Hungarian military decoration awarded for front-line combat service between 1941 and 1943.

Hungarian Military History Archive

An online archive preserving Hungarian and Austro-Hungarian military history through original photographs, awards, documents, and research material.

ESTABLISHED 2010
Carpatho-Ukraine Campaign, 1939
Historical Campaign • Territorial Revision • March 1939

Carpatho-Ukraine Campaign

Original photographs, military documents and historical research documenting Hungary's campaign in Carpatho-Ukraine during March 1939

Historical Background

The occupation of Carpatho-Ukraine in March 1939 marked Hungary's first military campaign since the end of the First World War. Following the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, Hungarian forces advanced into the region, securing the territory after brief but determined fighting against local defenders and retreating Czech units.

The campaign demonstrated the growing capability of the Royal Hungarian Honvéd and involved infantry, cavalry, artillery, air support and border units operating across difficult mountainous terrain. Although relatively short, the operation represented an important milestone in Hungary's territorial revision and military development during the interwar period.

The TŰZKERESZT Archive preserves original photographs, personal albums, military documents and historical research illustrating the campaign, the participating units and the soldiers who took part in Hungary's occupation of Carpatho-Ukraine.

Collection Highlights Political Background
Collapse of Czechoslovakia
Military Operations
Mountain Warfare
Officers & Soldiers
Equipment & Vehicles
Original Photograph Albums
Contemporary Publications
Military Documents
Personal Accounts

Research Themes

Research Areas Territorial revision
Carpathian campaign
Mountain operations
Royal Hungarian Honvéd
Border forces
Contemporary newspapers
Photograph identification
Original historical photography

Browse the Collection

Explore articles, original photographs, military documents and historical research relating to Hungary's Carpatho-Ukraine Campaign of March 1939.

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TŰZKERESZT Digital Archive • Historical Campaign • Carpatho-Ukraine (1939)